Mixed infections of plant viruses are common in nature, and a number of important virus
diseases of plants are the outcomes of interactions between causative agents. Multiple …

Viruses are common agents of plant infectious diseases. During last decades, worldwide
agriculture production has been compromised by a series of epidemics caused by new …

The multiplicity of infection (MOI), ie, the number of virus genomes that infect a cell, is a key
parameter in virus evolution, as it determines processes such as genetic exchange among …

The genomics era has revolutionized studies of adaptive evolution by monitoring large
numbers of loci throughout the genomes of many individuals. Ideally, the investigation of …

The emergence of new genotypes of parasites involves several evolutionary,
epidemiological and ecological processes whose individual effects and interactions are …

A general assumption of quasispecies models of replicons dynamics is that the fitness of a
genotype is entirely determined by its sequence. However, a more biologically plausible …

Genetic diversity in RNA viruses is shaped by a variety of evolutionary processes, including
the bottlenecks that may occur at inter-host transmission. However, how these processes …

ABSTRACT Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarium, family Poaceae) is a widely grown cash
crop in Pakistan. Pakistan is the fifth largest country in the world in terms of area under …

The dynamics of catalytic networks have been widely studied over the last decades because
of their implications in several fields like prebiotic evolution, virology, neural networks …

Viral diseases usually occur as multiple infections and significantly reduce yield in cowpea.
Planting resistant cowpea varieties is economical and effective in controlling viral diseases …