Coastal eutrophication caused by anthropogenic nutrient inputs is one of the greatest threats
to the health of coastal estuarine and marine ecosystems worldwide. Globally,∼ 24% of the …

This review examines the current understanding of the global coastal ocean carbon cycle
and provides a new quantitative synthesis of air-sea CO2 exchange. This reanalysis yields …

It is unequivocal that the increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4)
and nitrous oxide (N2O) since the pre-industrial period are caused by human activities. The …

The ocean is a key component of the Earth system (Chapter 1) as it provides essential life
supporting services (Inniss et al. 2017). For example, it stores heat trapped in the …

Growing populations and agricultural intensification have led to raised riverine nitrogen (N)
loads, widespread oxygen depletion in coastal zones (coastal hypoxia) and increases in the …

In this paper we review the technologies available to make globally quantitative
observations of particles in general—and plankton in particular—in the world oceans, and …

Ocean biogeochemical models describe the ocean's circulation, physical properties,
biogeochemical properties and their transformations using coupled differential equations …

Oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere has changed
ocean biogeochemistry and threatened the health of organisms through a process known as …

Human civilization relies on estuaries, and many estuarine ecosystem services are provided
by microbial communities. These services include high rates of primary production that …

Global change is leading to warming, acidification, and oxygen loss in the ocean. In the
Southern California Bight, an eastern boundary upwelling system, these stressors are …