Abstract Background Matrix vesicles (MVs) are released from hypertrophic chondrocytes
and from mature osteoblasts, the cells responsible for endochondral and membranous …

Since its characterization two decades ago, the phosphatase PHOSPHO1 has been the
subject of an increasing focus of research. This work has elucidated PHOSPHO1's central …

Mineralization is a process of deposition of calcium phosphate crystals within a fibrous
extracellular matrix (ECM). In mineralizing tissues, such as dentin, bone and hypertrophic …

The gene of transcriptional repressor GATA binding 1 (TRPS1), as an atypical GATA
transcription factor, has received considerable attention in a plethora of physiological and …

We have previously shown that ablation of either the Phospho1 or Alpl gene, encoding
PHOSPHO1 and tissue‐nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) respectively, lead to …

Abstract Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are a natural byproduct of oxygen metabolism. At
physiological levels, ROS regulate multiple cellular processes like proliferation, migration …

The lysosomal protease cathepsin D (Cath-D) is overproduced in breast cancer cells (BCC)
and supports tumor growth and metastasis formation. Here, we describe the mechanism …

Intervertebral disc (IVD), a moderately moving joint located between the vertebrae, has a
limited capacity for self-repair, and treating injured intervertebral discs remains a major …

Dental papilla cells (DPCs), precursors of odontoblasts, are considered promising seed cells
for tissue engineering. Emerging evidence suggests that melatonin promotes odontoblastic …

Cranial malformations are a significant cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Iroquois
homeobox transcription factors (IRX) are expressed early in bone tissue formation and …