Contaminants such as petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals and pesticides can cause
direct toxic effects when released into aquatic environments. Sensitive species may be …

Pesticides have a pervasive presence in aquatic ecosystems throughout the world. While
pesticides are intended to control fungi, insects, and other pests, their mechanisms of action …

A unique presentation that unifies the field, this book brings together concepts and
information about contaminant effects at all levels of the biological hierarchy. Beginning at …

The impact of the widely used herbicide glyphosate has been mainly studied in terrestrial
weed control, laboratory bioassays, and field studies focusing on invertebrates, amphibians …

The widespread application of pesticides has attracted the attention of ecologists as we
struggle to understand the impacts of these chemicals on natural communities. While we …

Extensive research has been conducted regarding the occurrence of herbicides in the
hydrologic system, their fate, and their effects on human health and the environment. Few …

Atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamine-s-triazine) is a widely used selective
herbicide. Due to its persistence, it is present in many surface waters, contaminating …

Ecotoxicology is the study of the effects of toxicants on ecological systems. Ecological effects
of contaminants may occur at several levels of biological organisation, from individual …

Chemical contaminants are ubiquitous in nature and a major goal of ecologists has been to
understand and predict their impacts on natural communities. While direct toxic effects can …

When heavy rainfall follows herbicide application, the intense surface runoff causes stream
water contamination. Aquatic organisms are then briefly exposed to a complex mixture of …