Spinal vascular malformations (SVMs) are a heterogeneous group that can cause acute,
subacute, or chronic spinal cord dysfunction. The majority of the patients present to …

Brain and spinal arteriovenous malformations are congenital lesions causing intracranial
haemorrhage or permanent disability especially in young people. We investigated whether …

Indocyanine green (ICG) is a fluorescent molecule that enables visualization of
hemodynamic flow through blood vessels. The first description of its application to the …

The natural history of intradural spinal cord arteriovenous shunts is unknown. We performed
an observational study in a consecutive patient cohort with symptomatic intradural spinal …

Objective: This study is to analyze fluorescence sensitivity in the diagnosis of brain and
spinal cord tumors. Material and methods: The authors conducted a multicenter …

Spinal arteriovenous shunts (sAVSs) are an uncommon disease, constituting 3 to 4% of
intradural lesions; 70% of these lesions are spinal arteriovenous fistulas (sAVFs), whereas …

Multiple classification systems have been created to separate spinal arteriovenous
malformations (AVMs) based on location, angioarchitecture, and size. The first classification …

In this review, we describe the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of spinal dorsal
intradural arteriovenous fistulas (DI-AVFs), focusing on novel research areas. DI-AVFs …

Spinal arteriovenous malformations and fistulas comprise spinal vascular malformations
(sVMs), a rare but challenging neurosurgic entity. A number of mechanisms have been …

The cervical anterior spinal artery (ASA) is a very important artery arising from the
intracranial vertebral artery (VA). It can play different roles in endovascular treatment (EVT) …