Abstract The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was declared in early 2020
after several unexplained pneumonia cases were first reported in Wuhan, China, and …

Atherosclerosis is an important problem in modern medicine, the keys to understanding
many aspects of which are still not available to clinicians. Atherosclerosis develops as a …

Background and Objectives In response to the aging population and rapid rise of chronic
diseases, it is important to understand the knowledge about primary prevention. We aim to …

Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is a clinical entity linked with various risk factors
that significantly affect cardiac morbidity and mortality. Hypertension, one of the most …

(1) Background. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a heterogeneous
natural history, manifested both in the variability of clinical features and in association with …

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and the subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR) decline with
age and predict future cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in a sex-dependent manner …

Over the last few decades, research efforts have resulted in major advances in our
understanding of the pathophysiology of hypertensive heart disease (HHD). This is the third …

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,
with ischemic heart disease being a major contributor, either through coronary …

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) usually represents the clinical manifestation of
atherothrombotic coronary artery disease (CAD) resulting from atherosclerotic plaque …

Background and objective: Morbid obesity is accompanied by an increased cardiovascular
(CV) risk, which justifies a multidisciplinary, integrative approach. Arterial stiffness has a well …