Rapid industrialization, increased waste production and surge in agricultural activities,
mining, contaminated irrigation water and industrial effluents contribute to the contamination …

Worldwide, the effects of metal and metalloid toxicity are increasing, mainly due to
anthropogenic causes. Soil contamination ranks among the most important factors, since it …

Heavy metal toxicity is one of the most devastating abiotic stresses. Heavy metals cause
serious damage to plant growth and productivity, which is a major problem for sustainable …

Several anthropogenic activities including mining, modern agricultural practices, and
industrialization have long-term detrimental effect on our environment. All these factors lead …

Global mechanization, urbanization, and various natural processes have led to the
increased release of toxic compounds into the biosphere. These hazardous toxic pollutants …

Unexpected biomagnifications and bioaccumulation of heavy metals (HMs) in the
surrounding environment has become a predicament for all living organisms together with …

Pollution of plants by heavy metals is a critical health issue because metals can be
transmitted to animals and humans. Heavy metal exposure induces an oxidative stress in …

Arsenic (As), a chronic poison and non-threshold carcinogen, is a food chain contaminant in
rice, posing yield losses as well as serious health risks. Selenium (Se), a trace element, is a …

The ever-increasing industrial activities over the decades have generated high toxic metals
such as chromium (Cr) that hampers plant growth and development. To counter Cr-toxicity …

Arsenic (As), a naturally occurring metallic element, is a dreadful health hazard to millions of
people across the globe. Arsenic is present in low amount in the environment and originates …