Antibiotics played an important role in controlling the development of enteric infection.
However, the emergence of antibiotic resistance and gut dysbiosis led to a growing interest …

The microbiomes on human body surfaces affect health in multiple ways. They include not
only commensal or mutualistic bacteria but also potentially pathogenic bacteria, which can …

In recent decades, bacteriocins have received substantial attention as antimicrobial
compounds. Although bacteriocins have been predominantly exploited as food …

Abstract In 2019, the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics
(ISAPP) convened a panel of experts specializing in nutrition, microbial physiology …

Background: The gastrointestinal tract is one of the most microbiologically active ecosystems
that plays a crucial role in the working of the mucosal immune system (MIS). In this …

Lactobacilli comprise an important group of probiotics for both human and animals. The
emerging concern regarding safety problems associated with live microbial cells is …

Highlights•The existing terminologies regarding probiotics have been criticized.•New
terminologies for all aspects of probiotic benefits have been proposed and …

Advances in our understanding of how the gut microbiota contributes to human health and
diseases have expanded our insight into how microbial composition and function affect the …

Nowadays, the oral use of probiotics is widespread. However, the safety profile with the use
of live probiotics is still a matter of debate. Main risks include: Cases of systemic infections …

The intestinal tract of mammals is colonized by a large number of microorganisms including
trillions of bacteria that are referred to collectively as the gut microbiota. These indigenous …