Mitochondria are well known as organelles responsible for the maintenance of cellular
bioenergetics through the production of ATP. Although oxidative phosphorylation may be …

Glutamate is the most commonly engaged neurotransmitter in the mammalian central
nervous system, acting to mediate excitatory neurotransmission. However, high levels of …

Aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) drives Parkinson's disease (PD), although the initial
stages of self-assembly and structural conversion have not been directly observed inside …

The uptake of calcium into and extrusion of calcium from the mitochondrial matrix is a
fundamental biological process that has critical effects on cellular metabolism, signaling …

In animals, mitochondria are mainly organised into an interconnected tubular network
extending across the cell along a cytoskeletal scaffold. Mitochondrial fission and fusion, as …

Mitochondria are highly plastic and dynamic organelles that have graded responses to the
changing cellular, environmental, and developmental cues. Mitochondria undergo constant …

NAD+ is a pivotal metabolite involved in cellular bioenergetics, genomic stability,
mitochondrial homeostasis, adaptive stress responses, and cell survival. Multiple NAD+ …

Age is the main risk factor for a number of human diseases, including neurodegenerative
disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral …

Calcium (Ca2+) functions as a second messenger that is critical in regulating fundamental
physiological functions such as cell growth/development, cell survival, neuronal …

Mitochondria are key cell organelles in that they are responsible for energy production and
control many processes from signalling to cell death. The function of the mitochondrial …