▪ Abstract A viral reservoir is a cell type or anatomical site in association with which a
replication-competent form of the virus accumulates and persists with more stable kinetic …

▪ Abstract In the absence of antiretroviral treatment, HIV-1 establishes a chronic, progressive
infection of the human immune system that invariably, over the course of years, leads to its …

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) suppresses human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) replication to undetectable levels but cannot fully eradicate the virus because a small …

In sexual transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus, and early and later stages of
human immunodeficiency virus–type 1 (HIV-1) infection, both viruses were found to replicate …

The success of combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection has generated interest
in mechanisms by which the virus can persist in the body despite the presence of drugs that …

A major obstacle in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) eradication is the ability of
the virus to remain latent in a subpopulation of the cells it infects. Latently infected cells can …

HIV-1 can infect both activated and resting, non-dividing cells, following which the viral
genome can be permanently integrated into a host cell chromosome. Latent HIV-1 reservoirs …

While HIV kills most of the cells it infects, a small number of infected cells survive and
become latent viral reservoirs, posing a significant barrier to HIV eradication. However, the …

Binding of the HIV envelope to the chemokine coreceptors triggers membrane fusion and
signal transduction. The fusion process has been well characterized, yet the role of …

The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) 20 years ago has dramatically reduced
morbidity and mortality associated with HIV-1. Initially there was hope that ART would be …