Organ transplantation—how much of the promise has been realized?

RI Lechler, M Sykes, AW Thomson, LA Turka - Nature medicine, 2005 - nature.com
Since the introduction of organ transplantation into medical practice, progress and optimism
have been abundant. Improvements in immunosuppressive drugs and ancillary care have …

Immunologic basis of graft rejection and tolerance following transplantation of liver or other solid organs

A Sánchez–Fueyo, TB Strom - Gastroenterology, 2011 - Elsevier
Transplantation of organs between genetically different individuals of the same species
causes a T cell–mediated immune response that, if left unchecked, results in rejection and …

[HTML][HTML] HLA-mismatched renal transplantation without maintenance immunosuppression

T Kawai, AB Cosimi, TR Spitzer… - … England Journal of …, 2008 - Mass Medical Soc
Five patients with end-stage renal disease received combined bone marrow and kidney
transplants from HLA single-haplotype mismatched living related donors, with the use of a …

Chimerism and tolerance without GVHD or engraftment syndrome in HLA-mismatched combined kidney and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

J Leventhal, M Abecassis, J Miller, L Gallon… - Science translational …, 2012 - science.org
The toxicity of chronic immunosuppressive agents required for organ transplant
maintenance has prompted investigators to pursue approaches to induce immune tolerance …

[HTML][HTML] Heterologous immunity provides a potent barrier to transplantation tolerance

AB Adams, MA Williams, TR Jones… - The Journal of …, 2003 - Am Soc Clin Investig
Many strategies have been proposed to induce tolerance to transplanted tissue in rodents;
however, few if any have shown equal efficacy when tested in nonhuman primate transplant …

Homeostatic proliferation is a barrier to transplantation tolerance

Z Wu, SJ Bensinger, J Zhang, C Chen, X Yuan… - Nature medicine, 2004 - nature.com
Despite the ease of inhibiting immune responses by blockade of T-cell costimulation in
naive rodent models, it is difficult to suppress those responses in animals with memory cells …

Treatment of severe autoimmune disease by stem-cell transplantation

M Sykes, B Nikolic - Nature, 2005 - nature.com
Transplantation of haematopoietic stem cells—cells capable of self renewing and
reconstituting all types of blood cell—can treat numerous lethal diseases, including …

Xenotransplantation: immunological hurdles and progress toward tolerance

A Griesemer, K Yamada, M Sykes - Immunological reviews, 2014 - Wiley Online Library
The discrepancy between organ need and organ availability represents one of the major
limitations in the field of transplantation. One possible solution to this problem is …

[HTML][HTML] Myeloma responses and tolerance following combined kidney and nonmyeloablative marrow transplantation: in vivo and in vitro analyses

Y Fudaba, TR Spitzer, J Shaffer, T Kawai, T Fehr… - American journal of …, 2006 - Elsevier
Six patients with renal failure due to multiple myeloma (MM) received simultaneous kidney
and bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from HLA-identical sibling donors following …

Heterologous immunity: an overlooked barrier to tolerance

AB Adams, TC Pearson, CP Larsen - Immunological reviews, 2003 - Wiley Online Library
In less than 50 years the field of organ transplantation has transitioned from an experimental
concept to clinical commonplace. Notwithstanding the dramatic improvements in patient and …