In contrast to most other disorders of the digestive system, functional disorders of the gut
continue to be defined by symptom criteria rather than by biological markers. At the same …

Many of the pro-inflammatory cytokines that are released in response to
immune/inflammatory insults exert marked stimulatory influences on the hypothalamo …

Increasing evidence shows that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis
of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and degenerative disease of the CNS with an
assumed autoimmune-mediated pathogenesis. Stressful life events have been …

The behavioral and physiological traits of an individual are strongly influenced by early life
events. One of the major systems implicated in the responses to environmental …

Maternal factors represent some of the most salient environmental influences altering
endocrine development (12–14). Indeed, there is an extensive literature detailing both …

Autoimmune diseases are traditionally viewed as an outcome of a malfunctioning of the
immune system, in which an individual's immune system reacts against the body's own …

Objective To investigate the association between childhood trauma and multiple sclerosis
(MS) by comparing histories of child abuse and neglect between patients with MS and adults …

Wild-type and μ-opioid receptor knockout (MORKO) mice were used to investigate the role of
corticosterone (CORT) and the μ-opioid receptor (MOR) in chronic morphine-mediated …

Dexamethasone is commonly used to lessen the morbidity of chronic lung disease in
premature infants, but little is known regarding neurological consequences of its prolonged …