Summary S (+)-ketamine, the pure dextrorotatory enantiomer of ketamine has been
available for clinical use in analgesia and anesthesia for more than 25 years. The main …

Ketamine (Ket) was developed in 1962 as a less hallucinogenic and shorter acting agent
than phencyclidine. It was given to humans for the first time in 1964. However, Ket produces …

Oxidative stress markers are usually measured in plasma, a stable environment for
biomarkers. Blood collection is invasive, but the use of alternative biofluids is limited, due to …

Background Post-liver transplantation acute lung injury (ALI) severely affects patients'
survival, whereas the mechanism is unclear and effective therapy is lacking. The authors …

Objective. This study aimed to investigate whether propofol pretreatment can protect against
liver transplantation‐induced acute lung injury (ALI) and to explore whether Nrf2 pathway is …

Previous studies have indicated that propofol has immunomodulatory and antioxidative
properties. However, the renoprotection effect and the precise mechanisms of propofol in …

Results There were 1396 propofol/midazolam-matched patients. AKI in the first 7-day ICU
time period was statistically lower in propofol-treated patients compared with midazolam …

Drowning is the most common cause of unnatural death worldwide. There is no single
biomarker to diagnose drowning, so the diagnosis of drowning is one of the most difficult …

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) plays a key role in the development of acute lung injury
(ALI). Propofol, a general anesthetic with anti-inflammatory properties, has been suggested …

The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of ketamine in attenuating
osteoarthritis (OA) and modulating the expression of inflammatory mediators. A rabbit OA …