Major depressive disorder is a highly debilitating psychiatric disorder involving the
dysfunction of different cell types in the brain. Microglia are the predominant resident …

Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and plays a
fundamental role in mediating the onset and progression of disease. Microglia, which …

Microglia are the primary innate immune cells in the CNS. In the healthy brain, they exhibit a
unique molecular homeostatic 'signature', consisting of a specific transcriptional profile and …

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) drops sharply during early stages of Alzheimer's
disease (AD), via unknown mechanisms, and correlates with cognitive status in AD patients …

There has been an explosion of new findings recently giving us insights into the involvement
of microglia in central nervous system (CNS) disorders. A host of new molecular tools and …

Adult neurogenesis occurs mainly in the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus
and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles. Evidence supports the critical role of …

Aging has a profound and devastating effect on the brain. Old age is accompanied by
declining cognitive function and enhanced risk of brain diseases, including cancer and …

Microglia respond to CNS injuries and diseases with complex reactions, often called
“activation.” A pro-inflammatory phenotype (also called classical or M1 activation) lies at one …

Fractalkine (FKN, CX3CL1) is a transmembrane chemokine expressed by neurons in the
central nervous system (CNS). CX3CL1 signals through its unique receptor, CX3CR1, that is …

Clinical studies examining the potential of anti-inflammatory agents, specifically of
minocycline, as a treatment for depression has shown promising results. However …