The number and types of venom components that affect ion-channel function are reviewed.
These are the most important venom components responsible for human intoxication …

Scorpions are an ancient and diverse venomous lineage, with over 2200 currently
recognized species. Only a small fraction of scorpion species are considered harmful to …

The Middle East and Northern Africa, collectively known as the MENA region, are inhabited
by a plethora of venomous animals that cause up to 420,000 bites and stings each year. To …

This epidemiological review was carried out to display the magnitude and the geographic
distribution of scorpion envenomation in Iran with focus on the southwestern region of Iran …

Background An effective therapy against envenoming should be a priority in view of the high
number scorpion stings and snakebites. Serum therapy is still widely applied to treat the …

Background Scorpion venoms are rich bioactive peptide libraries that offer promising
molecules that may lead to the discovery and development of new drugs. Leiurus …

Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are responsible for the action potential generation
in excitable cells including neurons and involved in many physiological and pathological …

Scorpion venoms are highly complex polypeptides with a wide spectrum of bioactivities. A
long chain peptide with eight cysteine residues and four disulfide bonds isolated from the …

Background Alpha-scorpion toxins with long-chain peptide and four disulfide bonds
represent diverse pharmacological profiles for various subtypes of voltage-gated sodium …

The venom of scorpions represents a source of bioactive compounds with various biological
activities, including insecticidal activity. The peptides related to this type of activity are called …