Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques can be used to monitor and modulate the
excitability of intracortical neuronal circuits. Long periods of cortical stimulation can produce …

Parkinson's disease is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by
resting tremor, slowness of movements, rigidity, gait disturbance and postural instability …

The past 20 years have represented an important period in the development of principles
underlying neuroplasticity, especially as they apply to recovery from neurological injury. It is …

Objective To systematically review and examine the current literature regarding the effects of
virtual reality (VR)–based rehabilitation on neural plasticity changes in survivors of stroke …

The human insular cortex forms a distinct, but entirely hidden lobe, situated in the depth of
the Sylvian fissure. Here, we first review the recent literature on the connectivity and the …

Stroke has long been regarded as focal disease with circumscribed damage leading to
neurological deficits. However, advances in methods for assessing the human brain and in …

The progress made in understanding the insula in the decade following an earlier review
(Augustine, Neurol. Res., 7 (1985) 2–10) is examined in this review. In these ten years …

The motor system comprises a network of cortical and subcortical areas interacting via
excitatory and inhibitory circuits, thereby governing motor behaviour. The balance within the …

Objective: Motor recovery after stroke depends on the integrity of ipsilesional motor circuits
and interactions between the ipsilesional and contralesional hemispheres. In this sham …

Numerous studies argue that cortical reorganization may contribute to the restoration of
motor function following stroke. However, the evolution of changes during the post-stroke …