The plant kingdom has elaborated several conducting systems. Three are primarily for mass
transport: the aerenchyma (for gas exchange in submerged parts), the phloem (for exchange …

Plants produce complex small molecules–natural products–that exhibit anticancer,
antimalarial and antimicrobial activity. These molecules play a key role in human medicine …

S-Adenosyl-l-methionine: tetrahydroprotoberberine cis-N-methyltransferase (EC 2.1. 1.122)
catalyzes the conversion of (S)-stylopine to the quaternary ammonium alkaloid,(S)-cis-N …

Alkaloids encompass an enormous class of approximately 12 000 natural products. 1 The
principal requirement for classification as an alkaloid is the presence of a basic nitrogen …

Genes encoding regulatory factors isolated from Arabidopsis, soybean and corn have been
screened to identify those that modulate the expression of genes encoding for enzymes …

Noscapine is an opium alkaloid which has been historically used as an anti-tussive
medicine. Its activity is attributed to its ability to bind stoichiometrically to tubulin, thus …

Long‐lived conifer trees depend on both constitutive and induced defenses for resistance
against a myriad of potential pathogens and herbivores. In species of spruce (Picea spp.) …

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on recent advances in the metabolic regulation
involved in the biosynthesis of six groups of alkaloids—benzylisoquinoline (BA) …

The free radical generation is related to the oxidation process in biological systems as well
as in foods. It was found that oxidation is affected by antioxidants that can act as radical …

Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) produces medicinally important benzylisoquinoline
alkaloids, including the analgesics codeine and morphine, in the morphinan pathway. We …