Importance Primary care clinicians find managing chronic pain challenging. Evidence of
long-term efficacy of opioids for chronic pain is limited. Opioid use is associated with serious …

Opioid Abuse in Chronic Pain — Misconceptions and Mitigation Strategies | New England Journal
of Medicine Skip to main content The New England Journal of Medicine homepage Advanced …

Background: Prescription opioid–related overdose deaths increased sharply during 1999–
2010 in the United States in parallel with increased opioid prescribing. CDC assessed …

Importance There is growing evidence that opioids are overprescribed following surgery.
Improving prescribing requires understanding factors associated with opioid consumption …

Background: Increases in prescriptions of opioid medications for chronic pain have been
accompanied by increases in opioid overdoses, abuse, and other harms and uncertainty …

In humans, the combination of all sex-specific genetic, epigenetic, and hormonal influences
of biologic sex produces different in vivo environments for male and female cells. We dissect …

Background Despite opioid analgesics being essential for pain relief, use has been
inadequate in many countries. We aim to provide up-to-date worldwide, regional, and …

Public health authorities have described, with growing alarm, an unprecedented increase in
morbidity and mortality associated with use of opioid pain relievers (OPRs). Efforts to …

Objectives. To estimate health outcomes of policies to mitigate the opioid epidemic.
Methods. We used dynamic compartmental modeling of US adults, in various pain, opioid …

Background: Expert guidelines recommend reducing or discontinuing long-term opioid
therapy (LTOT) when risks outweigh benefits, but evidence on the effect of dose reduction …