Excitation–transcription coupling (E–TC) links synaptic and cellular activity to nuclear gene
transcription. It is generally accepted that E–TC makes a crucial contribution to learning and …

Background Depression, as a prevalent and debilitating psychiatric disease, severely
decreases the life quality of individuals and brings heavy burdens to the whole society …

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) hold promise in treating Parkinson's disease (PD), although
poor delivery to the brain hinders their therapeutic application. In the current study, it is …

Abstract cAMP is a key second messenger that regulates diverse cellular functions including
neural plasticity. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics of intracellular cAMP in intact …

Neuromodulators transform animal behaviors. Recent research has demonstrated the
importance of both sustained and transient change in neuromodulators, likely due to tonic …

Nuclear Ca2+ waves elicited by NMDAR and L-type voltage-gated Ca2+-channels as well
as protein transport from synapse-to-nucleus are both instrumental in control of plasticity …

For generations researchers have been observing the dynamic processes of life through the
lens of a microscope. This has offered tremendous insights into biological phenomena that …

The brain relies on many forms of dynamic activities in individual neurons, from synaptic
transmission to electrical activity and intracellular signaling events. Monitoring these …

Behavioral time scale plasticity (BTSP), is a form of non-Hebbian plasticity induced by
integrating pre-and postsynaptic components separated by behavioral time scale (seconds) …

Membrane potential is a fundamental property of biological cells. Changes in membrane
potential characterize a vast number of vital biological processes, such as the activity of …