Optically variable devices (OVDs) are in tremendous demand as optical indicators against
the increasing threat of counterfeiting. Conventional OVDs are exposed to the danger of …

Control over the dispersion of the refractive index is essential to the performance of most
modern optical systems. These range from laboratory microscopes to optical fibres and even …

Digital optical holograms can achieve nanometre-scale resolution as a result of recent
advances in metasurface technologies. This has raised hopes for applications in data …

Holography, with the capability of recording and reconstructing wavefronts of light, has
emerged as an ideal approach for future deep-immersive naked-eye display. However, the …

Polarization optics plays a pivotal role in diffractive, refractive, and emerging flat optics, and
has been widely employed in contemporary optical industries and daily life. Advanced …

Nano-optic imagers that modulate light at sub-wavelength scales could enable new
applications in diverse domains ranging from robotics to medicine. Although metasurface …

Metasurfaces are optically thin metamaterials that promise complete control of the wavefront
of light but are primarily used to control only the phase of light. Here, we present an …

Exquisite polarization control using optical metasurfaces has attracted considerable
attention thanks to their ability to manipulate multichannel independent wavefronts with …

Metasurfaces have enabled a plethora of emerging functions within an ultrathin dimension,
paving way towards flat and highly integrated photonic devices. Despite the rapid progress …

Phase, polarization, amplitude, and frequency represent the basic dimensions of light,
playing crucial roles for both fundamental light–material interactions and all major optical …