In the pre-Columbian Andes, the use of hallucinogens during the Formative period (900–
300 BC) often supported exclusionary political strategies, whereas, during the Late Horizon …

Most conceptualizations of the state in archaeology remain rooted in Enlightenment ideas of
interlocking institutions that existed external to individuals and their interactions. These static …

This study uses isotope and microbotanical data from the analysis of teeth and dental
calculus to investigate camelid diet and foddering practices at Quilcapampa (AD 835–900) …

Feasts were integral to pre-Columbian political economies in the Andes. The large feasts of
the Inca Empire, which institutionalized asymmetrical relationships between subjects and …

In the Andes, successive waves of Inka and Spanish imperialism reshaped local ecologies
and transformed agricultural practices between the 14th and 17th centuries. As the Inka (ca …

The Spanish invasion and conquest of the Central Andes—a region encompassing
Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and northern Chile—wrought profound and devastating changes to …

Prehistoric populations actively chose what foods were used in different social and political
contexts. Ritual meals may have included special foods or different preparation in contrast …

In 1936, Leonidas Bernedo Málaga reported the discovery of a large collection of
petroglyphs near the village of Illomas. We present the results of a recent study of the site …

The Tiwanaku civilization (around AD 500–1100) originated in the Bolivian altiplano of the
south-central Andes and established agrarian colonies (AD 600–1100) in the Peruvian …

ABSTRACT C hicha (a fermented beverage) was an essential element of the political
economy for some prehistoric Andean societies. In this article we outline the archaeological …