In recent years, cellulose has attracted much attention because of its excellent properties,
such as its hydrophilicity, mechanical properties, biodegradability, biocompatibility, low cost …

Damage to cartilage tissues is often difficult to repair owing to chronic inflammation and a
lack of bioactive factors. Therefore, developing bioactive materials, such as hydrogels acting …

Articular cartilage (AC) is an avascular and flexible connective tissue located on the bone
surface in the diarthrodial joints. AC defects are common in the knees of young and …

Cartilage is a connective tissue, which is made up of~ 80% of water. It is alymphatic, aneural
and avascular with only one type of cells present, chondrocytes. They constitute about 1–5 …

Articular cartilage (AC) is the thin tissue that covers the long bone ends in the joints and that
ensures the transmission of forces between adjacent bones while allowing nearly …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by progressive cartilage degeneration with increasing
prevalence and unsatisfactory treatment efficacy. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal …

As a highly specialized shock-absorbing connective tissue, articular cartilage (AC) has very
limited self-repair capacity after traumatic injuries, posing a heavy socioeconomic burden …

Injectable hydrogels have been employed extensively as versatile materials for cartilage
regeneration due to their excellent biocompatibility, tunable structure, and ability to …

The limited self-repair capacity of articular cartilage has motivated the development of stem
cell therapy based on artificial scaffolds that mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) of cartilage …

Due to the avascular nature of cartilage, it is difficult to heal and regenerate spontaneously
after injury. At present, tissue engineering has become a promising strategy for repairing …