Bone is a multi-skilled tissue, protecting major organs, regulating calcium phosphate
balance and producing hormones. Its development during childhood determines height and …

Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) has been recognized now for several decades as playing a
key role in reproduction and exerting functions in numerous nonreproductive tissues. In this …

Many factors must be considered and discussed with women when initiating a contraceptive
method and the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of them. In this review, we …

Introduction Estrogens used in women's healthcare have been associated with increased
risks of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and breast cancer. Estetrol (E4), an estrogen …

Estetrol (E4) is a natural estrogenic steroid that is normally produced by human fetal liver.
Recent research has demonstrated that it is a potent, orally bioavailable, natural selective …

Preeclampsia (PE) results in placental dysfunction and is one of the primary causes of
maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. During pregnancy, estrogen is produced primarily …

Objective To assess the effect on hemostasis parameters of a new combined oral
contraceptive (COC). Study design In this randomized, single centre, open-label, exploratory …

Objective To assess efficacy, cycle control, and safety of an oral contraceptive containing
estetrol (E4) 15 mg and drospirenone (DRSP) 3 mg. Study design Women aged 16 to 50 …

Rapid effects of steroid hormones were discovered in the early 1950s, but the subject was
dominated in the 1970s by discoveries of estradiol and progesterone stimulating protein …

Objectives To assess the contraceptive efficacy, bleeding pattern and safety of a combined
oral contraceptive containing estetrol (E4) 15 mg and drospirenone (DRSP) 3 mg. Design …