Opioids are commonly prescribed postoperatively for pain control, especially in spine
surgery. Not only does this pose concerns for potential abuse, but it also has been shown to …

Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) clinical practice guidelines on the management of
lumbar disc herniation, third edition - Page 1 Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) …

Postoperative pain control in patients undergoing spine surgery remains a challenge for the
anesthesiologist. In addition to incisional pain, these patients experience pain arising from …

The perioperative management of pain in neurosurgical patients is a controversial topic with
management decisions based mainly on reports of anecdotal experiences. There is no …

The antinociceptive and analgesic effects of muscarinic receptor ligands in human and
nonhuman species have been evident for more than half a century. In this review, we …

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to examine the effects of two drugs, an acetylcholinesterase
inhibitor (AChEI) and an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, on …

Objective: To study the efficacy and safety of intrathecal neostigmine at dose of 50 μg and
150 μg as an adjuvant to bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia under spinal anesthesia …

The use of regional analgesia techniques for postoperative analgesia in spine surgery is
less frequently used in comparison with conventional oral and parenteral treatment. This …

Background There is growing interest in optimizing cost and resource utilization after
shoulder arthroplasty, but little data to guide improvement efforts. Objective The purpose of …

Pain is a complex medical problem that its inadequate postoperative control has adverse
effects on patients' physiological, metabolic and mental status. Adding new supplements will …