Estrogen plays crucial roles in the progression of hormone-dependent breast cancers
through activation of nuclear estrogen receptor α (ER). Estrogen is produced locally from …

Whilst estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers are preferentially treated with
hormone therapy, approximately one-third of them relapse. The mechanisms of …

Aromatase inhibitors (AI) are commonly used to treat postmenopausal estrogen-receptor
(ER)-positive breast carcinoma. However, resistance to AI is sometimes acquired, and the …

Hormone therapy is the most effective treatment for patients with estrogen receptor α-
positive breast cancers. However, although resistance occurs during treatment in some …

Simple Summary L-type amino acid transporters such as LAT1 and LAT3 are associated
with the uptake of essential amino acids. In particular, LAT1 regulates mammalian target of …

Although cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors have exhibited remarkable results for
patients with estrogen receptor (ER)–positive breast cancer in clinical trials, the mechanism …

Background Hormone therapy targeting the estrogen receptor (ER) pathway is the most
common treatment used for ER-positive breast cancer. However, some patients experience …

Background Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors represent a significant
advancement in the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive human epidermal growth …

Approximately 70% of breast cancers express estrogen receptor α (ERα), which plays critical
roles in breast cancer development. Fulvestrant has been effectively used to treat ERα …

Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) effectively treat hormone receptor-positive postmenopausal
breast cancer, but some patients do not respond to treatment or experience recurrence …