That prenatal events can have life-long consequences is now well established.
Nevertheless, research on the fetal origins hypothesis is flourishing and has expanded to …

This paper investigates the effect of early exposure to neighborhood crime on subsequent
criminal behavior of youth exploiting a unique natural experiment between 1986 and 1998 …

Using a unique data set on students from the first regional schools in colonial Benin, we
investigate the effect of education on living standards, occupation, and political participation …

We study ability peer effects in English secondary schools using data on four cohorts of
students taking age-14 national tests and measuring peers' ability by prior achievements at …

We show that psychological well-being in adulthood varies with circumstance in early life.
Combining a time series of real producer prices of cocoa with a nationally representative …

We study whether a woman's labor supply as a young adult is shaped by the work behavior
of her adolescent peers' mothers. Using detailed information on a sample of US teenagers …

This article examines the context of growing up in rural America and how rural roots shape
life chances. The distinctive physical, social, and cultural attributes of rural areas can …

After 1980–2000 population decline and economic stagnation, downtown neighborhoods in
most large US cities experienced 2000–2010 population growth and gentrification. Stark …

In this chapter, we provide an overview of research on neighborhoods and social networks
and their role in shaping behavior and economic outcomes. We include a discussion of …

Children who face significant disadvantage early in life are often found to be worse off years
or even decades later. Can conditional cash transfer programs mitigate the negative …