Camelids produce functional antibodies devoid of light chains of which the single N-terminal
domain is fully capable of antigen binding. These single-domain antibody fragments (VHHs …

Antibody fragments for which the sequence is available are suitable for straightforward
engineering and expression in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems. When produced as …

In vitro selection of antibodies allows to obtain highly functional binders, rapidly and at lower
cost. Here, we describe the first fully synthetic phage display library of humanized llama …

Summary Alzheimer's disease (AD)-linked mutations in Presenilins (PSEN) and the amyloid
precursor protein (APP) lead to production of longer amyloidogenic Aβ peptides. The shift in …

Fenitrothion (FN) residue in food is a serious threat to public health. Consequently, a
sensitive, cost-effective, and convenient immunoassay for FN urgently needs to be …

Camelid single-domain antibodies (sdAbs, VHHs, or Nanobodies®) are types of antibody
fragments that are composed of the heavy-chain variable domain only. These VHHs …

Common strategy for diagnostics with quantum dots (QDs) utilizes the specificity of
monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for targeting. However QD-mAbs conjugates are not always …

Background Single-domain antibody fragments possess structural features, such as a small
dimension, an elevated stability, and the singularity of recognizing epitopes non-accessible …

Highly specific antibodies are the key reagents for developing immunoassays with a low
false positive rate for environmental monitoring. Here, we provide evidence that nanobodies …

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most potent genotoxic and carcinogenic aflatoxin produced by
Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. AFB1 is considered a major concern in food …