The essence of the path planning problems is multi-modality constraint. However, most of
the current literature has not mentioned this issue. This paper introduces the research …

A mental map refers to the personalized representation of spatial knowledge in the human
brain and is based on the perceptions, experiences, and interactions of people with their …

Most existing indoor navigation methods implicitly treat indoor users as ideal points.
However, the ignorance of individual 3D indoor space needs may result in that navigation …

This research aims at an automatically moving robot intended for the elderly with voice
control using voice recognition that gives a direction to the robot by a voice command. The …

Currently, personal navigational systems are largely reserved for outdoor travel using GPS
technologies on smartphone applications. While smartphones are approaching ubiquity …