Immune signalling pathways convert pathogenic stimuli into cytosolic events that lead to the
resolution of infection. Upon ligand engagement, immune receptors together with their …

A functional immune system depends on the appropriate activation of lymphocytes following
antigen encounter. In this Review, we summarize studies that have used high-resolution …

The CD19 antigen, expressed on most B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias (B-ALL), can
be targeted with chimeric antigen receptor–armed T cells (CART-19), but relapses with …

Background Clinical success with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based immunotherapy
for leukemia has been accompanied by the associated finding that antigen-escape variants …

During the last 100 years, cell signaling has evolved into a common mechanism for most
physiological processes across systems. Although the majority of cell signaling principles …

The mechanisms that drive normal B cell differentiation and activation are frequently
subverted by B cell lymphomas for their unlimited growth and survival. B cells are …

B cells are key components of the adaptive immune response. Their differentiation into
either specific memory B cells or antibody-secreting plasma cells is a consequence of …

A key role is emerging for the cytoskeleton in coordinating receptor signaling, although the
underlying molecular requirements remain unclear. Here we show that cytoskeleton …

IgD emerged soon after IgM at the time of inception of the adaptive immune system. Despite
its evolutionary conservation from fish to humans, the specific functions of IgD have only …

This paper synthesizes recent progress toward understanding the integrated control systems
and fail-safes that guide the quality and quantity of antibody produced by B cells. We focus …