The study of antibodies in jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) provides every immunologist
with a bird's eye view of how human immunoglobulins (Igs) came into existence and …

The word 'environment'has a history. Before the mid-nineteenth century, the idea of a
singular, abstract entity—the organism—interacting with another singular, abstract entity …

Myxozoans are obligate endoparasites, cosmopolitan in distribution with both vertebrate and
invertebrate hosts. Their myxospores consist of shell valves, polar capsules with coiled polar …

Known as shovel head worms, members of Magelonidae comprise a group of polychaetes
readily recognised by the uniquely shaped, dorso-ventrally flattened prostomium and paired …

It is time to escape the constraints of the Systematics Wars narrative and pursue new
questions that are better positioned to establish the relevance of the field in this time period …

The One Health concept underscores the interconnectedness of human, animal, and
environmental health, necessitating an integrated, transdisciplinary approach to tackle …

Abstract Figure 18 of Hennig's Phylogenetic Systematics (University of Illinois Press,
Urbana, IL, 1966) shows a phylogenetic tree (a generative hierarchy) and what appear to be …

Abstract Ernst Mayr's (1961, Science 131: 1501–1506) distinction between proximate and
ultimate causation in biology is examined with regard to the acquisition of understanding in …

This article defends a selective eliminativist position with respect to the concept of “biological
lineage” as used in certain areas of contemporary evolutionary biology. We argue that its …

Cancers are hard to treat, and this is largely because cancer cells evolve and diversify
through space and time, in patients. The study of clonal evolution relies on the study of …