Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NADPH oxidase play an important role in
antimicrobial host defense and inflammation. Their deficiency in humans results in recurrent …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key signaling molecules that play an important role in
the progression of inflammatory disorders. An enhanced ROS generation by …

This review will briefly outline the major signaling pathways in PMA-activated neutrophils.
PMA is widely used to understand neutrophil pathways and formation of NETs. PMA …

Significance: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in vascular disease. While
there are many possible sources of ROS, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate …

Diabetic complications are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in persons with
diabetes. Chronic hyperglycemia is a major initiator of diabetic microvascular complications …

Incubation of endothelial cells in vitro with high concentrations of glucose activates protein
kinase C (PKC) and increases nitric oxide synthase (NOS III) gene expression as well as …

Hyaluronan (HA) is a naturally occurring non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) localized to
the cell surface and the tissue extracellular matrix (ECM). It is composed of disaccharides …

The process of engulfing a foreign particle–phagocytosis–is of fundamental importance for a
wide diversity of organisms. From simple unicellular organisms that use phagocytosis to …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus
(DM) causing vision impairment even at young ages. There are numerous mechanisms …

Phagocytes such as neutrophils play a vital role in host defense against microbial
pathogens. The anti-microbial function of neutrophils is based on the production of …