The sperm competition theory, as proposed by Geoff Parker, predicts that sperm evolve
through a cascade of changes. As an example, internal fertilization is followed by sperm …

Kuhn [1] recognized that scientific advances are made through periods of 'normal
science'and 'revolutionary science'. During periods of normal science researchers explore …

Behavioural plasticity is a major driver in the early stages of adaptation, but its effects in
mediating evolution remain elusive because behavioural plasticity itself can evolve. In this …

Postcopulatory sexual selection (PCSS), namely sperm competition and cryptic female
choice, is typically investigated in benign environments, with a fixed number of partners …

Imminent predation risk affects mating behaviours in prey individuals in a multitude of ways
that can theoretically impact the strength of sexual selection, as well as its operation on …

In principle, temporal fluctuations in the potential for sexual selection can be estimated as
changes in intrasexual variance in reproductive success (ie the opportunity for selection) …

Although visual sexual signals, such as ornamental colors and courtship displays, and large
body size in males are attractive to females in numerous species, they may also …

Urbanization transforms natural and agricultural areas into built landscapes. Such profound
habitat alteration imposes strong pressure on phenotypic trait changes through processes …

The sperm competition theory, as proposed by Geoff Parker, predicts that sperm evolve
through a cascade of changes. As an example, internal fertilization is followed by sperm …

Experimental design is a fundamental component of research in ecology and other
disciplines. It is critical to understand the consequences of statistical inference, including …