With increasing numbers of bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) and multispecific products entering
the clinic, recent data highlight immunogenicity as an emerging challenge in the …

ABSTRACT A major impediment to successful use of therapeutic protein drugs is their ability
to induce anti-drug antibodies (ADA) that can alter treatment efficacy and safety in a …

The early phase of protein drug development has traditionally focused on target binding
properties leading to a desired mode of therapeutic action. As more protein therapeutics …

Approaches for antibody discovery have seen substantial improvement and success in
recent years. Yet, advancing antibodies into the clinic remains difficult because therapeutic …

In silico immunogenicity risk assessment has been an important step in the development
path for many biologic therapeutics, including monoclonal antibodies. Even if the source of a …

Precise elucidation of the antigen sequences for T cell immunosurveillance greatly
enhances our ability to understand and modulate humoral responses to viral infection or …

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have transformed therapeutic strategies for various diseases.
Their high specificity to target antigens makes them ideal therapeutic agents for certain …

Therapeutic antibodies sometimes elicit anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) that can affect efficacy
and safety. Engineered antibodies that contain artificial amino acid sequences are …

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-Associated Peptide Proteomics (MAPPs) is an ex
vivo method used to assess the immunogenicity risk of biotherapeutics. MAPPs can identify …

Biotherapeutics, which are biologic medications that are natural or bioengineered products
of living cells, have revolutionized the treatment of many diseases. However, unwanted …