A comprehensive review of zonal flow phenomena in plasmas is presented. While the
emphasis is on zonal flows in laboratory plasmas, planetary zonal flows are discussed as …

Nonlinear gyrokinetic equations play a fundamental role in our understanding of the long-
time behavior of strongly magnetized plasmas. The foundations of modern nonlinear …

Vienna, 1987, Vol. 1, p. 159 high confinement H-mode experiment. Most of the models show
good agreements in their predictions and assumptions for the linear growth rates and …

Geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) are ubiquitous oscillatory flow phenomena observed in
toroidal magnetic confinement fusion plasmas, such as tokamaks and stellarators. They are …

The understanding and predictive capability of transport physics and plasma confinement is
reviewed from the perspective of achieving reactor-scale burning plasmas in the ITER …

This overview is an assessment of the gyrokinetic framework and simulations to compute
turbulent transport in fusion plasmas. It covers an introduction to the gyrokinetic theory, the …

The present status of zonal flow experiments is reviewed with the historical process to attain
the concept of zonal flows, which provides a new framework for understanding turbulence …

We elucidate the role of zonal flows in transient phenomena observed during LH transition
by studying a simple LH transition model which contains the evolution of zonal flows, mean …

Tokamak discharges with improved energy confinement properties arising from internal
transport barriers (ITBs) have certain attractive features, such as a large bootstrap current …

An analytical dispersion relation is derived which shows that, in toroidal plasmas, zonal
flows can be spontaneously excited via modulations in the radial envelope of a single-n …