Abstract Serotonin or 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) is a neurotransmitter and hormone that
contributes to the regulation of various physiological functions by its actions in the central …

Endogenous tryptophan metabolism pathways lead to the production of serotonin (5‐
hydroxytryptamine; 5‐HT), kynurenine, and several downstream metabolites which are …

Background & Aims Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) is synthesized mainly within
enterochromaffin (EC) cells in the gut, and tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (Tph1) is the rate …

Helminth parasites are adept manipulators of the immune system, using multiple strategies
to evade the host type 2 response. In the intestinal niche, the epithelium is crucial for …

Food is simultaneously a source of essential nutrients and a potential source of lethal toxins
and pathogens. Consequently, multiple sensory mechanisms evolved to monitor the quality …

The epithelial lining of the gastrointestinal tract serves as the interface for digestion and
absorption of nutrients and water and as a defensive barrier. The defensive functions of the …

Objective Alternatively activated macrophages (M2) are associated with the progression of
spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) in the stomach. However, the …

The intestines have the essential but challenging mission of absorbing nutrients, restricting
damage from food-derived toxins, promoting colonization by symbionts, and expelling …

Enterochromaffin (EC) cells synthesize 95% of the body 5-HT and release 5-HT in response
to mechanical or chemical stimulation. EC cell 5-HT has physiological effects on gut motility …

The gut is the largest producer of serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the human
body, and 5-HT has been recognized as an important signaling molecule in the gut for …