Organ-on-a-chip technology tries to mimic the complexity of native tissues in vitro. Important
progress has recently been made in using this technology to study the gut with and without …

Methanogenic archaea are known as human gut inhabitants since more than 30 years ago
through the detection of methane in the breath and isolation of two methanogenic species …

High individuality, large complexity and limited understanding of the mechanisms underlying
human intestinal microbiome function remain the major challenges for designing beneficial …

ABSTRACT" All animals are equal, but some are more equal than others" was the illustrious
quote derived from British writer George Orwell's famed work, Animal Farm. Extending …

Insulin resistance in insulin target tissues including liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue
is an early step in the progression towards type 2 diabetes. Accurate diagnostic parameters …

The intestinal microbiome is defined as the assembly of genomes from microorganisms
inhabiting the gut. This microbial ecosystem regulates important functions of the host and its …

From culture to metagenomics, within only 130 years, our knowledge of the human
microbiome has considerably improved. With> 1000 microbial species identified to date, the …

Methods The in vitro system, Environmental Control System for Intestinal Microbiota, was
used to simulate the environmental conditions of 3 different anatomical parts of the human …

Highlights•Growing evidence indicates that the microbiome plays an important role in health
and disease.•Reliable and meaningful scientific conclusions from microbiome studies rely …

Background A prebiotic is a substrate that is selectively utilized by host microorganisms
conferring a health benefit. Prebiotics are capable of maintaining intestinal health, reducing …