Background Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis threatens to reverse recent reductions in global
tuberculosis incidence. Although children younger than 15 years constitute more than 25 …

Abstract Background. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) has emerged as a global
epidemic, with∼ 425,000 new cases estimated to occur annually. The global human …

Background The available information on the epidemic of drug-resistant tuberculosis in
China is based on local or regional surveys. In 2007, we carried out a national survey of …

Background Tuberculosis (TB) is an important cause of human suffering and death. Human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV), multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB), and extensive drug …

Poverty is intrinsically related to the incidence of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs). The
main countries that have the lowest human development indices (HDI) and the highest …

In 2009, a major demographic line was crossed: for the first time in history, the majority of the
world population lived in cities rather than in towns and countryside (Fig. 4.1). This shift has …

The epidemiologically important Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype strains,
highly endemic in East Asia, have become an emerging infection in certain geographic …

SETTING: During 2000–2006, a regional anti-tuberculosis drug resistance surveillance
study was conducted in Shanghai, China. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence, trends …

BACKGROUND: Isoniazid has been the backbone of tuberculosis chemotherapy for 6
decades. Resistance to isoniazid threatens the efficacy of treatment of tuberculosis disease …

Background Genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates is a powerful tool for
epidemiological control of tuberculosis (TB) and phylogenetic exploration of the pathogen …