Despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), people living with HIV (PLWH) still present
persistent chronic immune activation and inflammation. This condition is the result of several …

In the past two decades, several advancements have improved the care of HIV-infected
individuals. Most importantly, the development and deployment of combination antiretroviral …

The macrophage is a key cell in the pro-and anti-inflammatory response including that of the
inflammatory microenvironment of malignant tumors. Much current drug development in …

Combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection improves immune function and
eliminates the risk of AIDS-related complications but does not restore full health. HIV …

Scavenger receptors were originally identified by their ability to recognize and to remove
modified lipoproteins; however, it is now appreciated that they carry out a striking range of …

Background. While inflammation predicts mortality in treated human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) infection, the prognostic significance of gut barrier dysfunction and phenotypic T-cell …

Scavenger receptors (SRs) are a 'superfamily'of membrane-bound receptors that were
initially thought to bind and internalize modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL), though it is …

Systemic chronic immune activation is considered today as the driving force of CD 4+ T‐cell
depletion and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A residual chronic immune …

Despite complete or near‐complete suppression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
replication with combination antiretroviral therapy, both HIV and chronic …

Systemic immune activation is increased in HIV-infected individuals, even in the setting of
virus suppression with antiretroviral therapy. Although numerous factors may contribute …