Fibrosis, or tissue scarring, develops as a pathological deviation from the physiological
wound healing response and can occur in various organs such as the heart, lung, liver …

Fibrosis denotes excessive scarring, which exceeds the normal wound healing response to
injury in many tissues. Although the extracellular matrix deposition appears unstructured …

Genetically engineered mouse models are commonly preferred for studying the human
disease due to genetic and pathophysiological similarities between mice and humans. In …

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is known as a major microvascular complication in type 1
diabetes. The effect of insulin treatment alone on controlling blood glucose is unsatisfactory …

Renal tubules are the major component of the kidney and are vulnerable to a variety of
injuries including hypoxia, proteinuria, toxins, metabolic disorders, and senescence. It has …

Multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) are vital for development, maintenance, function, and
regeneration of most tissues. They can differentiate along multiple connective lineages, but …

Background: The integrity of healthy skin plays a crucial role in maintaining physiological
homeostasis of the human body. The skin is the largest organ system of the body. As such, it …

Myocardial fibrosis is a significant global health problem associated with nearly all forms of
heart disease. Cardiac fibroblasts comprise an essential cell type in the heart that is …

Activation of TGF-β1 initiates a program of temporary collagen accumulation important to
wound repair in many organs. However, the outcome of temporary extracellular matrix …

Renal fibrosis is the final pathological process common to any ongoing, chronic kidney
injury or maladaptive repair. It is considered as the underlying pathological process of …