Nanocarriers have received special attention in biomedicine for the treatment of various
diseases, especially cancer, as one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Nanocarriers …

Cancer remains a serious threat to human health owing to the lack of effective treatments.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising non-invasive cancer treatment …

Inter and intra-tumoral heterogeneity are major stumbling blocks in the treatment of cancer
and are responsible for imparting differential drug responses in cancer patients. Recently …

Management of metastatic prostate cancer has undergone a revolution over the past decade
with the introduction of several novel agents and repurposing of others. Several clinical trials …

Despite standard hormonal therapy that targets the androgen receptor (AR) attenuates
prostate cancer (PCa) effectively in the initial stage, the tumor ultimately converts to …

During disease progression from primary towards metastatic prostate cancer (PCa), and in
particular bone metastases, the tumor microenvironment (TME) evolves in parallel with the …

Simple Summary Metastatic prostate cancer is an incurable disease with limited treatment
options. Immunotherapy has demonstrated significant success in multiple cancer types but …

No consensus strategies exist for prognosticating metastatic castration-resistant prostate
cancer (mCRPC). Circulating tumor DNA fraction (ctDNA%) is increasingly reported by …

The androgen receptor (AR) signaling inhibitor enzalutamide (enza) is one of the principal
treatments for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Several emergent …

Malignant bone tumors, which are difficult to treat with current clinical strategies, originate
from bone tissues and can be classified into primary and secondary types. Due to the …