As the most voluminous organ of the body that is exposed to the outer environment, the skin
suffers from both intrinsic and extrinsic aging factors. Skin aging is characterized by features …

Mitochondria are best known for harboring pathways involved in ATP synthesis through the
tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Major advances in understanding …

Alzheimer's disease is a common and devastating disease characterized by aggregation of
the amyloid-β peptide. However, we know relatively little about the underlying molecular …

Exercise is a nonpharmacological intervention that improves health during aging and a
valuable tool in the diagnostics of aging-related diseases. In muscle, exercise transiently …

Mitochondrial function is vital for normal cellular processes. Mitochondrial damage and
oxidative stress have been greatly implicated in the progression of aging, along with the …

Mitochondria participate in crucial cellular processes such as energy harvesting and
intermediate metabolism. Although mitochondria possess their own genome—a vestige of …

The mammalian respiratory chain complexes assemble into supercomplexes (SCs) and
reside in the inner mitochondrial membrane to transfer electrons and establish the proton …

Homeostasis of the gut microbiota critically influences host health and aging. Developing
genetically engineered probiotics holds great promise as a new therapeutic paradigm to …

Increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has long been considered a cause
of aging. However, recent studies have implicated ROS as essential secondary messengers …

Increasing evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS), consisting of superoxide,
hydrogen peroxide, and multiple others, do not only cause oxidative stress, but rather may …