The traditional classification of lung cancer into small cell lung cancer and non‐small cell
lung cancer (NSCLC) has been transformed with the increased understanding of the …

Akt is a serine/threonine kinase and it participates in the key role of the PI3K signaling
pathway. The Akt can be activated by a wide range of growth signals and the biochemical …

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although the
PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway has recently been considered as one of the most altered …

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a promising biomarker for noninvasive assessment of
cancer burden, but existing ctDNA detection methods have insufficient sensitivity or patient …

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway plays an integral role in many cellular
processes and is frequently altered in cancer, contributing to tumor growth and survival …

The RAS/MAP kinase and the RAS/PI3K/AKT pathways play a key role in the regulation of
proliferation, differentiation and survival. The induction of these pathways depends on …

Abstract The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is a key signal transduction system
that links oncogenes and multiple receptor classes to many essential cellular functions, and …

There are ample genetic and laboratory studies that suggest the PI3K–Akt pathway is vital to
the growth and survival of cancer cells. Inhibitors targeting this pathway are entering the …

Lung cancer is a complex disease composed of diverse histological and molecular types
with clinical relevance. The advent of large-scale molecular profiling has been helpful to …

Treatment decisions for patients with lung cancer have historically been based on tumour
histology. Some understanding of the molecular composition of tumours has led to the …