Myocardial fibrosis is a significant global health problem associated with nearly all forms of
heart disease. Cardiac fibroblasts comprise an essential cell type in the heart that is …

Cardiac fibrosis is defined as the imbalance of extracellular matrix (ECM) production and
degradation, thus contributing to cardiac dysfunction in many cardiac pathophysiologic …

The permanent cellular constituents of the heart include cardiac fibroblasts, myocytes,
endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells. Previous studies have demonstrated …

Fibroblasts are at the heart of cardiac function and are the principal determinants of cardiac
fibrosis. Nevertheless, cardiac fibroblasts remain poorly characterized in molecular terms …

The fundamental mechanisms governing the perpetuation of atrial fibrillation (AF), the most
common arrhythmia seen in clinical practice, are poorly understood, which explains in part …

Optimal healing of damaged tissue following myocardial infarction (MI) requires a
coordinated cellular response that can be divided into three phases: inflammatory …

Adult cardiomyocytes (CM) retain little capacity to regenerate, which motivates efforts to
engineer heart tissues that can emulate the functional and mechanical properties of native …

Cardiac fibroblasts are emerging as key components of normal cardiac function, as well as
the response to stressors and injury. These most numerous cells of the heart interact with …

Cardiac fibrosis is a common feature of chronic heart failure. Iroquois homeobox (IRX) family
of transcription factors plays important roles in heart development; however, the role of IRX2 …

Slowed myocardial conduction velocity (θ) is associated with an increased risk of re-entrant
excitation, predisposing to cardiac arrhythmia. θ is determined by the ion channel and …