Teleost fishes are characterized by a diversity of sexual patterns. Hermaphroditism, the
expression of both male and female reproductive function in a single individual, generates …

Global climate change is having devastating effects on habitat structure in coralreef
ecosystems owing to extreme environmental sensitivities and consequent bleaching of …

Pair-formation is a common social system among animals. However, the use of the term
'pairformation'is often ambiguous, and the assumed reproductive importance of pairing often …

Sexual systems are highly diverse and have profound consequences for population
dynamics and resilience. Yet, little is known about how they evolved. Using phylogenetic …

The size and structure of social groups of animals can be governed by a range of ecological
factors and behavioral interactions. In small, highly site-attached coral reef fishes, group size …

Monogamy within social groups where there exists a high potential for polygyny poses a
challenge to our understanding of mating system evolution. Specifically, the traditional …

Kelp forests are patchy fish-associated habitats, which can vary greatly in their size,
foundation species, and several physical habitat attributes. The structure of fish …

The distribution of resources should influence mate availability and the costs and benefits of
pursuing different mating strategies. Where resources are dispersed, males may be …

It is thought that the size and dispersion of habitat patches can determine the size and
composition of animal social groups, however, this has rarely been tested. The relationship …

Competition between individual group members is a key force in shaping social group
structure and size. In animal societies, within-group competition may be structured by linear …