This review examines the impact of stigma on pregnant people who use substances. Stigma
towards people who use drugs is pervasive and negatively impacts the care of substance …

Learning Objective: After participating in this activity, learners should be better able to:
Evaluate the rationale for and current evidence supporting medication-assisted treatment of …

Methods The Canadian Research Initiative in Substance Misuse (CRISM), a Canadian
Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)–funded research network composed of four regional …

Abstract The United States opioid epidemic is a nationwide public health crisis. Initially
driven by increased consumption and availability of pharmaceutical opioids, an increasing …

Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a result of the sudden discontinuation of fetal
exposure to substances that were used or abused by the mother during pregnancy …

Prenatal substance use is a critical public health concern that is linked with several harmful
maternal and fetal consequences. The most frequently used substance in pregnancy is …

Background Opioid dependence is associated with substantial health and social burdens,
and opioid agonist treatment (OAT) is highly effective in improving multiple outcomes for …

Preconception and prenatal exposure to environmental contaminants may affect future
health. Pregnancy and early life are critical sensitive windows of susceptibility. The aim of …

Most drugs of abuse easily cross the placenta and can affect fetal brain development. In
utero exposures to drugs thus can have long-lasting implications for brain structure and …

Background Buprenorphine maintenance treatment has been evaluated in randomised
controlled trials against placebo medication, and separately as an alternative to methadone …