Voltage-gated calcium channels are required for many key functions in the body. In this
review, the different subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels are described and their …

Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) represent a key link between electrical signals
and non-electrical processes, such as contraction, secretion and transcription. Evolved to …

Inspired by biological channels, metal‐organic framework (MOF) membranes with sub‐
nanometer sized channels offer an ideal platform to construct high‐performance artificial …

Nickel (Ni) concentrations in the environment can rise due to human industrial activities. The
toxicity of waterborne Ni to aquatic animals has been examined in a number of previous …

Background: Nickel ions (Ni2+) are a heavy metal with wide industrial uses. Environmental
and occupational exposures to Ni are potential risk factors for brain dysfunction and …

Background T-type Ca2+ channels (TCC) are important for pain transmission, especially the
CaV3. 2 subtype. In this study, we examined the effects of intrathecal TCC blockers in the …

Ca 2+ entry is indispensable part of intracellular Ca 2+ signaling, which is vital for most of
cellular functions. Low voltage-activated (LVA or T-type) calcium channels belong to the …

A nonequilibrium density matrix theory is used in order to explicitly describe the hysteresis
interrelation between populations of nonstationary states in an absorbing multi-stage chain …

The developmental toxicity of nickel was examined in the embryos of Bombina orientalis, a
common amphibian in Korea. Based on a standard frog embryo teratogenesis assay, the LC …

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world, accounting for the
death of 17.9 million people every year. Based on data from the World Health Organization …