The diverse and dynamic microbial community of the human gastrointestinal tract plays a
vital role in health, with gut microbiota supporting the development and function of the gut …

The skin provides both a physical barrier and an immunologic barrier to external threats. The
protective machinery of the skin has evolved to provide situation-specific responses to …

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease resulting from genetic, epigenetic,
environmental, and lifestyle factors. To date, several immunopathogenic mechanisms of …

Inflammasomes are newly recognized, vital players in innate immunity. The best
characterized is the NLRP3 inflammasome, so-called because the NLRP3 protein in the …

Summary Interleukin (IL)-36α, IL-36β and IL-36γ are expressed highly in skin and are
involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, while the antagonists IL-36Ra or IL-38, another …

The extensive existing of microplastics (MPs) in the ecosystem have increased considerable
attention concerning their potential adverse effects, the toxicities and the underlying …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial chronic disease, commonly associated
with alteration in the composition and function of gut microbiota. This process can lead to a …

Inflammasomes are high-molecular-weight protein complexes that may cleave the two main
proinflammatory cytokines, pro-interleukin-1β and pro-interleukin-18, into active forms, and …

A critical component of innate immune response to infection and tissue damage is the
NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains–containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, and this …

BAY 11-7082 antagonizes I-κB kinase-β preventing nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-
κB (NF-κB); it also inhibits NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) …