Abstract In 1912, Max Wertheimer published his paper on phi motion, widely recognized as
the start of Gestalt psychology. Because of its continued relevance in modern psychology …

An ideal observer is a hypothetical device that performs optimally in a perceptual task given
the available information. The theory of ideal observers has proven to be a powerful and …

Aims and Scope This book is both an introductory textbook and a research monograph on
modeling the statistical structure of natural images. In very simple terms,“natural images” are …

Although numerous studies have measured the strength of visual grouping cues for
controlled psychophysical stimuli, little is known about the statistical utility of these various …

The detection of object boundaries is a critical first step for many visual processing tasks.
Multiple cues (we consider luminance, color, motion and binocular disparity) available in the …

Capturing statistical regularities in complex, high-dimensional data is an important problem
in machine learning and signal processing. Models such as principal component analysis …

An important approach in visual neuroscience considers how the function of the early visual
system relates to the statistics of its natural input. Previous studies have shown how many …

Recovering 3D scenes from 2D images is an under-constrained task; optimal estimation
depends upon knowledge of the underlying scene statistics. Here we introduce the …

The tilt illusion is a paradigmatic example of contextual influences on perception. We
analyze it in terms of a neural population model for the perceptual organization of visual …

The Gestalt laws of perceptual organization, which describe how visual elements in an
image are grouped and interpreted, have traditionally been thought of as innate. Given past …