Vascular dementia is the second-most cause of dementia, characterized by cerebral infarcts,
white matter lesions, myelin loss and often amyloid angiopathy. Hence, vascular damage is …

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) play a crucial role in the visual pathway. As their axons form
the optic nerve, apoptosis of these cells causes neurodegenerative vision loss. RGC death …

Protein and peptides are converted from their soluble forms into highly ordered fibrillar
aggregates under various conditions inside the cell. Such transitions confer diverse …

ATP released from the synaptic terminals and astrocytes can activate neuronal P2 receptors
at a variety of locations across the CNS. Although the postsynaptic ATP-mediated signalling …

Memantine (3, 5-dimethyladamantan-1-amine) is an orally active, noncompetitive N-methyl-
D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist approved for treatment of moderate-to-severe …

Purinergic receptors play important roles in central nervous system (CNS). These receptors
are involved in cellular neuroinflammatory responses that regulate functions of neurons …

Hyperglycemia is a risk factor for poor prognosis after acute ischemic stroke and promote the
occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation (HT). The activation of P2RX7 play an important …

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease.
The characteristic pathologies include extracellular senile plaques formed by β-amyloid …

Amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition occurs years before cognitive symptoms appear and is
considered a cause of Alzheimer9s disease (AD). The imbalance of Aβ production and …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia leading to progressive
memory loss and cognitive impairment. Considering that pharmacological treatment options …