Background The emergence and spread of HIV-1 drug resistance may compromise HIV
control globally. In response to HIV/AIDS epidemic, China launched national HIV/AIDS …

Abstract The European HIV Drug Resistance Guidelines Panel, established to make
recommendations to clinicians and virologists, felt that sufficient new information has …

In most European countries, HIV drug resistance testing has become a routine clinical tool.
However, its practical implementation in a clinical context is demanding. The European HIV …

The initial use of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) in treatment of human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, followed by highly active antiretroviral therapy, has …

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) targeting the viral reverse transcriptase and
protease enzymes has advanced the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Nucleoside and non …

The M184V mutation is selected by lamivudine (3TC) and emtricitabine (FTC) and is a
common mutation in HIV-infected patients. Virus with the M184V mutation has a high level of …

The M184V substitution in HIV-1 RT develops rapidly following initiation of therapy with 3TC
and confers high-level phenotypic resistance to this drug both in vitro and in vivo …

Successful long-term management of HIV infection will require targeted inhibition of multiple
steps essential for virus replication. Currently, both nucleoside-and nonnucleoside-based …

We have systematically validated the activity and inhibition of a HIV-1 protease (PR) variant
bearing 17 mutations (PRS17), selected to represent high resistance by machine learning …

Objective. To investigate the mechanism explaining the persistence of human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 variants with multiple protease inhibitor (PI)-resistance …